Divorce, or Talaq, is a major issue in Islam, but can be allowed as a last resort if a marriage can’t be sustained with peace, mercy, or respect. While Islam wants reconciliation as much as it wants reconciliation, it also knows that there are those marriages that will not work, and in such a case, separation is allowed.
In this article, we’re going to address what the Quran states regarding divorce, debate divorce in the Quran, and impart Islamic counsel in wisdom and simplicity.
What is Divorce in Islam?
Divorce (Talaq) in Islam is the legally binding termination of a marriage agreement between husband and wife. Allah permits it, but it is the most abhorred permissible act in the sight of Allah, as per hadith.
“Among lawful things, divorce is the most hated by Allah.” — (Abu Dawood)
Islam, however, implements well-organized and just laws to ensure that both are treated justly and with respect.
What Does the Quran Say Regarding Divorce?
The Quran regarding divorce gives in-depth details that involve:
- The waiting period (iddah)
- Respectful treatment
- Witness requirements
- Opportunity for reconciliation
Let’s explore in the light of the Quran:
1. Allah Allows Divorce – Surah Al-Baqarah
“Divorce is twice. Then, either keep [her] in an acceptable manner or release [her] with good treatment…”
(Surah Al-Baqarah 2:229)
It describes that divorce should be spoken about at most twice, and thereafter the couple must stay together with respect or get separated with compassion.
2. Respectful Divorce Process – Surah Al-Talaq
“O Prophet! When you divorce women, divorce them for their prescribed period and count it accurately…”
(Surah At-Talaq 65:1)
There is a reference to the waiting period (iddah) in this verse, which gives time for reconsideration, reconciliation, and proof that the woman is not pregnant.
3. Kindness Even in Separation
“Either retain them in kindness or release them in kindness.”
(Surah Al-Baqarah 2:231)
Even when separated, the Quran instructs divorced husbands and wives to behave with respect and not hurt each other in anger or revenge.
Forms of Divorce in Islam (According to the Quran)
The Quranic law about divorce writes about different forms of divorce in Islam:
1. Talaq-e-Raj’i (Revocable Divorce)
Reversible within the iddah time.
2. Talaq-e-Ba’in (Irrevocable Divorce)
Talaq e Bain cannot be revoked unless the woman marries another man (Halala) and is later divorced by him.
3. Khula (Wife Initiated)
Wife gets a divorce from an Islamic husband or judge, usually by trading dowry (mahr).
4. Mubarah (Mutual Divorce)
Wife and husband trade to divorce each other.
What is the ‘Iddah’ (Waiting Period) After Divorce?
The Quran in divorce mandates waiting for a time before the divorce takes effect:
“Divorced women shall wait for three menstrual cycles…”
(Surah Al-Baqarah 2:228)
This period is spent on:
- Reconsidering the decision
- Finding out if pregnant
- Preserving lineage and honor
Witnesses of Divorce in Islam
“And take two just men from among you as witnesses…”
(Surah At-Talaq 65:2)
To ensure justice and clarity, the Quran encourages appointing witnesses during the process of divorce.
Women’s Rights in Divorce – According to the Quran
Islam grants women various rights at and post-divorce:
- Maintenance during iddah
- Mahr (dowry) must be provided
- No ill-treatment allowed
- Rights for child custody and maintenance
“Do not harm them so as to oppress them…”
(Surah Al-Baqarah 2:231)
Reconciliation in the Quran
The Quran emphasizes attempting reconciliation between spouses before proceeding with divorce.
“If you fear a split between them, appoint an arbitrator from his people and another from hers…”
(Surah An-Nisa 4:35)
This verse encourages both partners to reconcile and safeguard their marriage, reflecting the high importance Islam places on the sanctity of this bond.
Step-by-Step Islamic Divorce Procedure (As in Quran)
- Attempt reconciliation (with or without a mediator)
- First pronouncement of divorce:
- Wait during the iddah period (3 cycles)
- Second pronouncement if required
- Final third divorce (if reconciliation fails)
- Separation now becomes irreversible
Note: Once issued for the third Talaq, reunion cannot be allowed except if the woman marries and divorces another man naturally.
Does this Quran Allow a Woman to Terminate a Marriage?
Yes, the Quran does acknowledge the Khula right, where the woman may seek a divorce
“Then if you fear that they would not be able to keep within the limits of Allah, there is no blame upon either of them…”
(Surah Al-Baqarah 2:229)
Divorce and Children – What Does the Quran Say?
The Quran stresses the importance of justice and fairness, especially when children are affected by the divorce.
Mothers may breastfeed their children for two complete years… The father is responsible for their provision and clothing…”
(Surah Al-Baqarah 2:233)
Islam requires mutual responsibility and just parenthood following divorce.
Divorce according to the Quran is Not Speedy or Hostile
The illusion that Islam encourages rapid divorce is baseless. Divorce, according to the Quran, however, is:
- Slow
- Patient
- With numerous opportunities for reconciliation
- Full of respectfulness and justice
What Does the Quran Teach About Abusing Divorce?
“Do not take them back to hurt them…”
(Surah Al-Baqarah 2:231)
Men are advised against using divorce as a weapon. Abusive use of Talaq to dominate or mentally harass the wife is vehemently discouraged in Islam.
FAQs – Divorce in the Quran
1. Does the Quran permit divorce?
Yes, but only when necessary.
2. How many times can one divorce according to Islam?
Three times, with a choice to reunite after two.
3. What is iddah in the Quran?
A three-month waiting period after the divorce is dissolved.
4. Can a woman seek a divorce from Islam?
Yes, through Khula.
5. What does the Quran say about reconciliation?
It encourages peace, counseling, and agreement.
6. Does the Quran offer child support?
Yes, the father has to maintain the child.
7. Does the Quran say divorce is sin?
No, but disliked if and when it is needed.
8. Is a witness required for divorce in Islam?
Yes, two neutral witnesses are advisable.
9. Can divorce be revoked?
Yes, within the iddah time.
10. Is divorce the only option?
No. Islam promotes reconciliation above all else.
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Conclusion
So, what does the Quran have to say about divorce?
It teaches us that divorce is allowed but must be carried out in a respectful, responsible, and sympathetic way. The Quran on divorce prescribes a procedure replete with patience, scope for reconciliation, and protection for both parties, above all women and children.
Islam does not shame those who divorce, but is in favor of harmony and justice where things cannot be resolved.
“Disclaimer: The Quranic verses and Hadiths quoted in this blog are presented as-is, for educational purposes. Moreover, if you find any mistakes, kindly contact us so we can correct them. We highly respect Islamic teachings and strive for 100% accuracy.”
